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H, WYMAN. SHEDDING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS. No. 411.753. Patented Sept. 24, 1889.

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H. WYMAN. SHEDDING MECHANISM FOR, LOOMS.

No. 411,753. Patented Sept, 24, 1889.v

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

HORACE XVYMAN, OF W'ORCESTER, MASSAOHUSET'JTS, ASSIGJOR TO THE GROMPTON LOOM VORKS, OF SAME PLACE.

SHEDDING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 41 1,7 58, dated September 24, 1889. Application filed July 12, 1888. Serial No. 279,753 (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HORACE XVYMAN, of Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Shedding Mechanism for Looms, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

One object of this invention is to improve the so-called dobby-looms-such, for instance, as represented in my application, Serial No. 243,399, in such manner that the harnessframes may be actuated to form what is known as a closed shed movement rather than an open-shed movement, as heretofore. To accomplish this I have arranged means to actuate the reversely-moving lifters at every pick or rotation of the crankshaft, rather than atevery other pick or rotation, as heretofore, and I have provided means by which the movement of one of the said lifters is reduced, so that it acts thereby to raise from the bottom portion of each shed to the central or closed plane of the shed all the harness-frames which were left down at the opening of the shed immediately preceding, the shed being thus closed previous to each distribution of the warp for the passage of the weft.

As herein shown, the uppermost lifter is the one having the shorter stroke, it being moved for but about one-half the distance of the lowermost lifter, and the hooks engaged with the said uppermost lifter having least movement alw ys remain in engagement and are moved back and forth with it.

In my invention the lowermost lifter having the usual full stroke takes with it all the jacks co-operating with those harness-frames to be lifted for that shed, the particular jacks to be engaged by the said lifter at any outward movement bein determined by the pattern-surface, all as usual, and a shed having been formed and weft inserted, the lowermost or longer moving litter in its inward movement lowers the harness-frames just lifted, while the reversely-moving lifter having the shorter stroke lifts to the center or closed line of the shed those harncssframes which were not lifted at the last stroke, all

the harness-frames being thus brought to their middle line of movement to form a closed shed. While in this middle position the hooks on the lowermost lifter are redistributed by the pattern-chain, it selecting and leaving in the path of movement of the said lifter as it again starts out, the hooks cooperating with the harness frames to be lifted, while the remaining harness-frames are, through the inward movement of the uppermost lifter, lowered to the lower side or plane of the shed. The hooks can be retained on the lifter making only the half traverse by a bar placed above them all to prevent their being raised by the fingers.

Figure 1, in front elevation partially broken out, shows sufficient portion'of a dobby-loom to enable my invention to be understood, the driving pulley and part of the shipping mechanism being omittcd. Fig. 2 is a diagram to be referred to; Fig. 3, a detail of devices used at the left of the loom shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 4, a partial view of Fig. 3 in the dotted line as; Fig. 5, a detail of the gears 7' I0 and Fig. 6 a sectional detail of the main parts of the loom instrumental in moving the harness-levers.

The framework a of the loom, the notched harness-levers (Z, the connectors f, pivoted thereon, the hooks or jacks d and c jointed to the said connectors, the locking-bars m m, the reversely-reci procatin g lifters or carriages e e, the links 13 14:, connected to the said lifters, the roclcshaft r, the arms or levers attached thereto, the fingers g g, the rods extending from the inner ends of one to the inner ends of the other set of fingers, the guides 27 28 for the outer ends of the said fingers, the pattern surface or chain y, the shaft 3, carrying the notched plates, over which the chain is extended, the link p, the lay or crank shaft le the harness-tram es (Z the cording connecting them with the harness-levers, and the sheaves over which the said cording runs are all substantially as in my application, Serial No. 243,399, filed July 5, 1887.

In the loom described in the said application the carriages or lifters have a movement back and forth reversely at every other or alternate pick or rotation of the crank-shaft, and the warps are manipulated on what is called theFopen-shed principle; but in this present invention, wherein it is desired to work the loom with what is known as a closed shed, it is necessary to move the lifters or carriages reversely at every pick or rotation of the crank-shaft. To effect this change in the loom shown in the said application, 1 have removed from the crank-shaft the gear commonly found thereon and have replaced it with a gear 7' of substantially twice the size of that employed in the loom described in the said application, it engaging and rotating a toothed gear, as it having a,

crank-pin over which is fitted one end of the link 19 referred to.

The gear 3' as herein represented, contains spaces corresponding in size with and to receive the smaller or narrower teeth of the gear 70 and the latter gear has a broad tooth 20 and two spaces at its sides, (see the detail, Fig. 5, showing parts of the said gears 70 into which spaces at each rotation of the gear 7' enter the large teeth 21 of the gear j, the one broad or isolated tooth 2O entering the blank space between the teeth 21 21 on the gear 3' The gear has a projection, as 23, at one side of it which is extended outwardly beyond the periphery of the gear 70 and is convexed at its periphery to enter a concavity in a projection or flange 24, carried by the gear 10 lVith the gears described the gear 7' willrotate the gear 70 once during each rotation of the crank-shaft, and owing to the broad teeth and spaces referred to on the respective wheels, and the projections 23 24, which act as a locking device to temporarily restrain the rotation of the gear 70 for short intervals of time during each rotation of the crank-shaft, it results that the shed is held open a little longer than it would otherwise be during the movement of the lay, such holding open of the shed giving the shuttle a little longer time to pass through the shed.

. Further, in the changes which I have herein made in order to adapt the loom herein described to work with closed shed,I have provided the upper part of each arm or lever r attached to the opposite ends of the rock- 'shaft r, with a slot, as 28, nearer to the said shaft than the point where the link 13 is connected to the arm r and by connecting the link 14, jointed to the lifter or carriage c, to the said'armfl" by a suitable pin or stud in the slot 28 it is possible to give to the carriage e a movement of only substantially one-half that of the lifter or carriage e, and by moving these lifters or carriages twice as fast, and moving one of them only half as far as in the application referred to, it is possible to weave after the closed-shed method.

If it is desired with the sameloom to weave upon the open-shed method, it may be done by connecting the links 14 with the arms or levers r at equal distance from the rockshaft 0" and changing the gears 7' so that the gear 10 shall be substantially twice as large as the gear 3'. In the loom herein de scribed, when to work with closed shed, the upper hooks or jacks (Z are always in engagement with the lifter or carriage 6, they being retained down by a holding-bar but the hooks or jacks e are engaged by the lifter or carriage e during its outward movement only when the harness-frame, co-operating with the particular jack engaged with the litter, is to be raised into the upper half of the shed, the distribution of the jacks by or through the pattern-surface and the fingers g g and the rods between the said fingers taking place .When the lifter or carriage e is at its inward stroke and the lifter or carriage e in its outward stroke, this stroke being, however, shorter, as has been described, and at thetimethis distribution of the jacks 0 takes place all the harnessframes are at the middle position of the movement, or with the shed closed, as will be understood from the foregoing description by those conversant with the art of weaving.

In the diagram Fig. 2 I have shown part of one harness-lever with its attached connector and links 13 14 and one of the leversr the said lever being shown, however, as having its upper end the shortest,- which, it is obvious, it may have in practice, provided it is not desired to in the same loom change from open to closed shed.

The breast-beam A, the notched holding plate A for the shipper-handle A and the lay B are and may be all as usual. H

The pattern-surface in practice is operated as in the application referred to.

WVhen the loom is to be used for closedshed weaving, the locking bar m is not needed, so I apply to the loom a holding-bar 80, (shown in Figs. 1 and 6,) which. meets the hooked jacks d and keeps their hooks in engagement with the carriage e, for otherwise the pattern-chain, acting on the fingers, would lift said jacks d. I i v I do not desire to limit my inventionto that construction wherein the pattern-chain acts upon the upper set of fingers, for it is obvious that the said pattern-chain might act on the lower set of fingers, as in United States Patent No. 217,589. In Fig. 6 it will be no ticed that the inner upturned ends of the fin- IIQ gers g are cut off, so as not to strike the upv I have herein shown a series of harnessframes, harness-levers, cording connected to the tops and bottoms of the said levers, connections mounted on the said harness-levers, hooked jacks attached to the opposite ends of the said connections, a pattern mechanism to select which of the said jacks shall be 'next en gaged and moved, locking-bars to engage with the said hooked jack's when at one extreme of their movement and while held by the pattern mechanism out of engagement with the lifters, lifters to engage the said hooked jacks,

and means to operate the said litters, and devices acting positively to carry the ends of the connections back into their normal positions and place the hook-jacks so that they may engage with the said bars; but I do not claim the same specifically, as the same are shown and made the subject of claim in my application, Serial No. 243,399, filed July 5, 1887.

I claim- 1. The harness-levers, harness-frames, cording to connect the said levers and frames, two hooked jacks in operative connection with each harness-lever, two reverselymoving lifters, a rock-shaft having arms or levers, and means to connect the said lifters and arms at dilierent distances from the center of the rockshaft to thereby move said lifters over unequal distances, as described, and a pattern device whereby the harness-frames are moved to bring all the warps into the same plane before the formation of each shed, substantially as described.

2. The shaft 70 the gear 3' having two teeth 21, with a space between them, and a projection 23, and the gear k having an isolated tooth 20, and two spaces, one at each side, a flange 24', combined with the harness-frames, harness-levers, connected cording, connected hooked jacks, lifters, and means between the said gear 70 and lifters to reciprocate them, the said gear and lifters havingaslight dwell during each rotation of the crank-shaft to afford more time for the passage of the shuttle through the shed, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HORACE WYMAN.

Witnesses:

G. W. GREGORY, .F. L. EMERY. 

